Architecture

As mentioned earlier, Docker Engine uses a client-server architecture.

High-level Architecture

Here is the high-level architecture of Docker Engine:

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Low-level Architecture

Here is the low-level architecture of Docker Engine, including all core and supporting components:

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Also, explain the flow for cntainer creation

Docker & The Linux Kernel

Docker Engine takes advantage of several features of the Linux kernel, such as namespaces, control groups (cgroups) etc., to enable containerization and resource isolation.

Container Creation Flow

• User runs docker run in the terminal and Docker CLI converts this into an API request to the Docker Daemon.
• The daemon checks if the image exists locally. If not, it pulls it from a registry.
• The daemon requests containerd to create a container.
• containerd, in turn instructs runc, which sets up namespaces, cgroups, and starts the container.
• Once the container starts, containerd-shim takes over, detaching the container from runc and keeping it running independently, even if the Docker Daemon stops.